Saturday, December 28, 2019

Stereotype Threat A Reflection On Teaching And Learning

Part 2: Stereotype threat – A reflection on teaching and learning Firstly, in order to consider stereotype threat, we must first consider what a stereotype is. A stereotype is a widely held view or thought about a particular group of people and in individual cases this may or may not reflect reality. There are so many different stereotypes in the world we live in and unfortunately many of them are negative. For example, a stereotype that some people hold at the moment is that ‘all Muslims are terrorists’. Now, whilst this is clearly not true, it is a belief that some people have. They decide to categorize these people because of what they have heard on the news, or what they have been told by others. Stereotyping also happens in the school and in this section will be looking at stereotype threat involving race and gender and the effects it has on teaching and learning throughout secondary education, especially for the case of mathematics. It is something that has been a part of the education system for a long time and only recently does it seem that we are beginning to understand it. The term was coined by Steele and Aronson who, in 1995, conducted the first experiment into the performance of African Americans under stereotype threat. Since then there has been a lot of research in this area and they all seem to draw similar conclusions. We will be looking at the views of the author and linking these with various pieces of literature and real life examples. So, what isShow MoreRelatedThe Simpsons: Effect and Common Sense4091 Words   |  16 Pagesof topics the show tackles. The paper will examine several themes of human society and the ways in which certain characters represent and/or shatter various stereotypes about Americans or other groups those characters represent. Keywords: The Simpsons, philosophy, religion, politics, gender, culture, nationalism, race, ethnicity, stereotypes The Simpsons: Effect Common Sense The subject of gender is a major issue in the narratives of The Simpsons. The show has a great deal to say about theRead MoreHelping Math And Science Students Through Criticism3450 Words   |  14 Pages Helping Math and Science Students Through Criticism Paige M. Bartlett University of Washington Teaching to Transgress March 15th , 2015 â€Æ' When we read Tough’s (2012) How Children Succeed in class, some of my classmates were shocked by Spiegel’s frank and harsh tone with students. A line from her blog reads, â€Å" ‘I said some amazing things to kids, including ‘You can count to two, right? Then you should have seen that!!’ and ‘If you are not going to pay more attention you should quit chessRead MoreEssay on Summary of Ornstein6963 Words   |  28 Pagesrace course that someone designs or amends, meant for others to race on. It is a chariot designed for others to ride in. Whether it is postmodern or synoptic, psychological or historical, a curriculum is never an end in itself. It is a program of learning that someone else is expected to benefit from. I find this simple notion almost entirely absent in this first, survey chapter. This absence is a sign of the incestuous nature of theoretical curriculum proliferation and the danger of detachment fromRead MoreManagement and Mcd2040 Managing People6266 Words   |  26 PagesUnit Leader: Campus: Phone: Email: Ann Tahirovski Clayton 9905-8213 Ann.Tahirovski@monashcollege.mcpl.edu.au Team Leader Phone: Email: Suresh Perera 9903 4365 suresh.perera@monashcollege.mcpl.edu.au Contents Introduction Teaching and learning method Learning resources Assessments Policies 1 2 11 13 17 Unit Outline | MCD2040 Managing People and Organisations | Introduction This is a core unit in the Diploma of Business and the foundation unit for its majors in Management and HumanRead MoreMale Gender Roles And Women2367 Words   |  10 Pagesintroduction to the exclusive sector that is manhood. It is there that they are brought up and reared to be the strapping, virile man they are destined to become. It is rare to find a boy who is not at least familiar with the phrase â€Å"Wipe some dirt on it,† teaching them to â€Å"[employ] the automatic â€Å"I’m fine† response to almost any emotional difficulty† (Glazer 7) and fooling family members into thinking they are valiantly tough warriors, dismissing any possibility of help or protection. It is understood thatRead MoreAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 Pageswhich, except for the absence of direct violence, there is no structural violence or social injustice. Accordingly, peace education could be defined as an interdisciplinary area of education whose goal is in stitutionalized and non-institutionalized teaching about peace and for peace. Peace education aims to help students acquire skills for non-violent conflict resolution and to reinforce these skills for active and responsible action in the society for the promotion of the values of peace. ThereforeRead MoreChild Development 0-19 Yrs6074 Words   |  25 Pagesexperiences that a family has together are much more lasting than those a child will have with others and influence all aspects of the child’s development particularly as a family environment is geared towards â€Å"bringing the child up†. In his â€Å"social learning theory† Bandora placed emphasis on moral behaviours whilst Jean Piaget developed a 2 stage theory to explain cognitive influences on the moral development of children. Piaget explained that stage 1 is a â€Å"heteronymous† stage which means that theRead MoreAssessment Essay6407 Words   |  26 Pages1. What are the functions, concepts and principles of assessment in learning and development? (1.1, 1.2) The function of assessment is a way to measure a learner’s competence against agreed standards and criteria. The awarding body of the particular qualification will have an assessment strategy what will state which criteria needs to be met to complete the mandatory and optional units and the best method for acquiring the evidence. A range of methods will be used to judge whether a candidateRead MoreOvercoming Social Exclusion : Stories From High Achieving American Indian Students9581 Words   |  39 PagesAmerican Indian students is largely due to the embedded legacy of assimilation-based teaching methods within the United States educational system (Brayboy Castagno, 2009; Brayboy, Fann, Castagno. Solyom, 2012; Lomawaima McCarty, 2006). The era of boarding schools and corresponding education research has promoted an enduring legacy of misconceptions, such as the myth of the â€Å"silent Indian learner†, the stereotype that American Indian students are stoic and silent (Lomawaima McCarty, 2006, pRead MoreFeminine Mystique12173 Words   |  49 PagesWorld War I. But those gains were short-lived. With the return of peace, women faced layoffs, renewed wage discrimination, and segregation into female-only jobs such as teaching and nursing. Women made little headway over the next decade, despite the hoopla about the emancipated new woman of the twenties. Behind the stereotype of the smart-talking flapper with her cigarette, bobbed hair, and boyish clothes, traditional ideas about women and their proper roles prevailed in the labor marketplace

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Black Lives Matter, Or Blm For Short Essay - 1992 Words

Black Lives Matter, or BLM for short, is an activist group which originated in the states but has spread across large parts of the world, to protest the alleged systemic racism against white people. The movement has first seen acceptance after the shooting of black teen â€Å"Treyvon Martin† at the hands of George Michael Zimmerman on the 26th of February 2012. Following that event; the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter was trending on several social media websites. The activist group was then officially founded on the 13 of July, 2013 by three African American community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tomiti. At the time of its formation, BLM had seen broad acceptance, whether it being from African Americans, community leaders, celebrities, public figures and even the President himself who has invited BLM activist DeRay Mckesson, an outspoken civil rights activist, into the white house. Brittany Packnett, a Minneapolis-based Black Lives Matter activist and severa l others were also invited. The group, which had seen a lot of following in the past three years, has been known for protesting against police and law enforcement officers, especially after altercations with black people. Many protests in several parts of the country have been organized by BLM activists, many of which follow the death of a certain black American. Aside from protest, BLM also organizes public events to further enlarge their popularity. They also have a very large social media presence, asShow MoreRelatedSocial Movements Of Canada And Ghana858 Words   |  4 Pagesis admirable. During the Summer of 2015, BLM publicly challenged politicians, including those in the 2016 U.S presidential elections. A drawback of the movement is that it is decentralized and does not have the funds or people with enough power to enforce a formal structure and hierarchy within its network. One successful method the protestors employed to have their voices heard is the staged demonstrations at numerous malls across th e United States on Black Friday, which is undeniably, a wisely chosenRead MoreThe Power Of A Group1052 Words   |  5 Pagesform and communicate faster than ever before. Although online movements may appear to be tied to the internet, many have utilized social media to organize physically across a large area. One such movement is the â€Å"BlackLivesMatter† movement, or â€Å"BLM† for short. A social movement that was ignited, in the summer of 2013, shortly after the acquittal of George Zimmerman, who was tried for the shooting of Trayvon Martin (Breeanna). The group’s driving factor is to elicit a change in law enforcement s treatmentRead MoreBlack Lives Matter Is A Necessity Of Today s Society1220 Words   |  5 PagesToday, African-Americans can be found owning business, being successful doctors, professors, and leaders of the world. However, Black Lives Matter (BLM) highlights the shadowed inequality that America is currently experiencing. Though controver sial, Black Lives Matter is a necessity of today’s society because it’s encouraging, convicting, and progressive. Black Lives Matter began in 2013 following the case of Trayvon Martin, an African-American boy who was fatally shot by a neighborhood watch volunteerRead MoreThe Violence Of Black Lives2507 Words   |  11 PagesNonetheless, BLM does receive a great number of criticisms. Some people point out that it wouldn t last. The movement is blamed for its having no coherent structure and no powerful leadership that it will eventually fail. Opponents said that Black Lives Matter actually worsened race relations in America, pointing to the polls that show Americans opinions about race relations being worse in recent years, but BLM supporters asserted just because they have pointed out racism in America doesn t meanRead MoreThe Is The Most Important Factor Of A Movement1860 Words   |  8 PagesLast but not least, supporters of BLM should be brought to discussion, as they are the most important factor of a movement. It is undeniable that BLM has received considerable support from a lot of celeb rities. One of them, an American actor and film producer, Samuel L. Jackson has challenged the celebrities to go one step further as he posted a video on his public Facebook page asking famous figures who took the Ice Bucket Challenge over the summer to join the protest: All you celebrities out thereRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Movements On Social Movement1901 Words   |  8 PagesSocial movements shed light to social issues present in communities and harvest social change in political, religious, educational, health, government, and other institutional matters. Social movements give individuals a clear outlet to concerns about the rights and well-being of themselves and others, mostly through public protest and conversation, in order to promote social justice and democracy. Throughout history, humans naturally ended up starting movements to simply improve their way of lifeRead MoreThe Police Shootings And Its Effects On All Police Officers Essay1838 Words   |  8 Pagescontrol of their lives and country, the more freedoms they will gladly hand over, in the false belief that it will make them and our country more safe. When BLM came into the American conscious they may have had a legitimate argument and more tyhan fair demands. Their accusations of, white cops killing unarmed black men, without serious investigations or consequences may have had some legitimacy if you looked past the raw numbers that did not validate their claims. Originally BLM wanted Body camsRead MoreB. Du Bois Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, white people who feared him labeled him a trouble maker and some black people saw him as an outcast. No matter what Du Bois’s critics thought about him, Du Bois was the voice of African-American fight for equality. As a prolific writer and speaker he was regarded by many as a prophet. Historical record researched and documented revealed, Du Bois is mostly â€Å"known for his conflict with Booker T. Washington over the role of blacks in American society. In an essay on Booker T. Washington, Du Bois praisedRead MoreBlack Panther Party : A New Political Organization1851 Words   |  8 PagesBlack Panther Party In the fall of 1966, a new political organization, based out of Oakland, California came into view and started to gain acceleration. Seeking a new alternative to King’s non-violence and civil disobedience stance, the Black Panther Party was created. The party was known as the largest Black revolutionary organization created in history. Its founders Huey P. Newton, an African-American political activist and Bobby Seale (a political activist as well). While attending the UniversityRead MoreThe Dangers Of Modern Social Justice1806 Words   |  8 Pageswrong. Recent advancements in technology have made this mentality possible to spread at a swift and unchecked speed. Where one voice can stand against many, where one post to a social site can start a movement, where one tweet can endanger innocent lives. Where one match in a dark room has the potential to either light the room up, or set it on fire. It is this style of belief structure that if not properly balanced can create such chaos and division that not one, or many, could stand against. This

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Culture, Self and Identity free essay sample

Debate over how new immigrants, particularly those from China, might dilute the Singaporean culture and identity perennially reiterates itself in the mass media and/or social media platforms such as Facebook. A newspaper write-up, â€Å"Singapore’s unique identity sets it apart from China†, by a Singaporean academic, for example, emphasized that Singaporean identity, constituting of a composite culture and common language of communication, English, â€Å"are what crucially distinguish Singapore from China†. Such views reflected the continuing importance and creation of a ‘Singaporean’ identity based on a sense of nationalism. This burgeoning sense of ‘national’ identity was also demonstrated in a recent incident which highlighted the furore and unity forged among the various races in Singapore against a mainland Chinese, Zhou Hou, who assaulted and criticised a Malay Singaporean on Facebook. This formation of national identity hinges upon the various races unifying themselves as â€Å"Singaporeans† to display their intolerance and exclusivity towards the foreigners. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture, Self and Identity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Evidently, a ‘Singaporean’ identity at the national level is realized in overt unity in the form of rejecting association with and discriminating against the foreigners by highlighting cultural differences to create a dichotomization between Singaporeans (host population) and ‘foreigners’ (‘others’) (Barth, 1998). The examples also reflected important markers used to define a unique â€Å"multi-racial† identity amongst the different racial groups in terms of assumed commonalities based on the use of common language, English, and the affirmation of Singapore’s uniqueness as a nation of different races, culture and religions. This identity is largely founded upon the very foundations of the policy, â€Å"Multiculturalism† which Singapore’s social system and various social processes is built upon. Multiculturalism, stressed in a series of government’s organized attempts in policy initiatives and discourses, has led to many medi(ated) representations of Singapore as a multi-cultural and multi-racial society, to raise Singaporeans’ consciousness on the importance of racial harmony and ethnic peace in a pluralistic society, thereby organizing interaction between people (Singh, 2011). With Singaporeans assimilating fundamental orientations via such media(ted) representations, the values and supporting beliefs of multiculturalism have been internalized and became the lens through which people form their perceptions of reality and develop shared, learned ways of dealing with everyday life; like ‘a set of prescriptions’ governing social interactions amongst people of various backgrounds (Barth, 1998). According to Barth (1998), categorical distinctions can be attributed to social processes of incorporation and exclusion which maintains discrete categories in a society. Therefore, when confronted with the influx of foreigners, racial unity became a natural instinct for many Singaporeans. Despite overt cultural differences between groups, inter-ethnic contact and interdependence enable a ‘common’ identity to be created amongst Singaporeans of all races. Singaporeans reconcile the relationship between ethnicity and nation to forge a unique composite national identity that can sufficiently differentiate themselves from foreign immigrants. This is observable in the â€Å"Zhou Hou incident† whereby Chinese Singaporeans chose to identify and associate themselves more closely with their fellow Malay Singaporeans than with foreigners who share the same ethnicity as them. Similarly, the academic writer who stressed upon Singapore’s distinct cultural identity as the source which defines and â€Å"separates Singaporeans of all races from the mainland† exemplified how Singaporeans reconcile racial-ethnic differences to promote a national identity based on a sense of nationalism and belonging. Hence, such media(ted) representations have clearly illustrated how Singaporeans, as the dominant group in relation to the foreigners in Singapore, show their ability to articulate and present ideas and values to shape and influence opinion to justify and maintain boundaries (Barth, 1998). While â€Å"multi-racial† identity is used to bring Singaporeans together under a common â€Å"national† identity, Singaporeans have been able to highlight distinctions to create perceived differences between Singaporeans and foreigners, classifying the foreigners as ‘outsiders’. The categories of ascription and identification by Singaporeans themselves present a picture of reality that forms people’s views and provides individuals who accept such representations with a â€Å"moral imperative† that gives implicit instructions, forming a fundamental basis for decision-making and behaviour. Consequently, foreigners in Singapore face much challenge in integrating into the mainstream Singapore society and may experience alienation if attempts were made to resist such representations. 735 words)

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Pathophysiology Of Clinical Manifestations-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Pathophysiology Of Clinical Manifestations? Answer: Introducation In patients with diabetes type 1, the ability of the pancreas to synthesize insulin is lost. This happens when the immune system attacks and kills the -cells of the islets of Langerhans by mistakenly attacking these insulin producing cells of the pancreas. Genetic susceptibility plays a role in type 1 diabetes, but the fact that that not all susceptible people progress to the disease indicates that some environmental factors are involved. These environmental factors could include viral and bacterial infections and provide an exogenous antigen that triggers the autoimmune attack of immune cells on the beta-cells(Knip Simell, 2012). Researchers have found evidence that A1beta-casein from cow's milk causes the primary trigger in some cases of type 1 diabetes (Chia, et al., 2017). In the absence of insulin, the ability of the body to utilize the blood glucose for production of energy in the cells is lost. As a result the blood glucose begins to rise and hyperglycemia occurs. Hyperglycem ia is said to have occurred when the blood glucose levels reach 180 mg/dl or more. It is possible for patients of type 1 diabetes to control hyperglycemia by taking insulin injections in the required dosage (diabetes.co.uk, polyuria.html). Glucose in the urine was checked to diagnose diabetes before blood glucose tests became common. The presence of glucose in urine is termed glucosuria. The glucose in urine shows up when blood glucose levels are high. This happens because the renal tubules are unable to reabsorb the glucose due to its high levels. Glucosuria may be accompanied by symptoms, such as infections, prolonged time for wound healing, issues with vision, excessive thirst, increased frequency of urination, unexplained weight loss, and tingling sensation in hands and feet. Usually glucose appears in the urine when diabetes is poorly managed. Increased urination occurs in patients of type 1 diabetes if the diabetes is undiagnosed or if the blood sugar levels have risen high. It is one of the main symptoms of diabetes. Typically, passage of more than three liters of urine in a day is termed polyuria. Too much water lost in this way could cause dehydration and if polyuria remains prolonged, it can affect kidney function. Due to high blood sugar, the kidneys are not able to reabsorb all the sugar. The presence of sugar in the urine draws out more water and so polyuria occurs (diabetes.co.uk). Increased thirst is a consequence of loss of excess water through increased urine output, it is another important symptom of high blood sugar that occurs due to high blood sugar or hyperglycemia and is termed polydipsia. Since diabetes type 1 occurs in children, the most common symptoms that help in diagnosis are polyuria, polydipsia and weightloss. Increased appetite or polyphagia occurs in type 1 diabetes patients due to low energy. The inability of glucose to enter cells due to lack of insulin results in a demand for energy and the body responds with a signal of increased appetite. This leads to hunger and increased intake of food and a higher blood sugar level. The insulin injections lower the blood glucose levels due to transport of glucose into cells for energy production and the symptom of polyphagia does not appear in patients after levels of blood glucose are controlled. Ketones in the blood and urine may occur in patients suffering from type 1 diabetes because of elevated blood glucose levels for a prolonged period. Ketones are the alternative fuel that the body uses when glucose cannot be used as a source of energy. The lack of insulin prevents cells from utilizing blood glucose as a source of energy. The body responds by breaking down fats and muscle for generation of energy. This occurs during periods of fasting when insulin levels are low but glucagon and epinephrine are there in normal levels. This causes release of fats from fat cells which reach the liver through the circulating blood. In the liver the fats are metabolized which results in the formation of ketones. The ketones, through the blood stream travel to different tissues and cells and can be used as an alternative source of energy (Ucsf). Unexplained weight loss often occurs in individuals who are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes which is often unintentional and the patient has not been on an exercise or diet regime to lose weight. The high blood glucose is a consequence of the inability of the body to utilize the glucose as a source of energy because it cannot be transported to the cells in the absence of insulin. In order to meet the energy demands of the body, the body responds by oxidising the fats and muscles of the body. Muscle loss is usually accompanied by weight loss and is observed more often in patients with type 1 diabetes. Some patients of type 2 diabetes may also experience unexplained weight loss (diabetes.co.uk, /symptoms/unexplained-weight-loss.html). Nursing considerations related to the administration of NovoRapid Before administration It is important to check several times whether the correct type of insulin is being administered. A correct dosage should be prepared and it is better to ask a colleague to double check for the type of insulin being administered. The correct syringe calibrated with units should be used. The site of previous injections should be checked and a different site should be prepared for subcutaneous administration of the insulin. Repeated injections on the same site can cause necrosis (brooksidepress.org). The prefilled insulin should be rolled between the hands in order to mix the contents so that a uniform mixture is visible. It is important to ensure that each patient is given the right dose of insulin. The nurse should remain watchful and observe the patient carefully for any sign of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Since fast acting insulin begins to act and lowers blood glucose level soon after the subcutaneous injection is given it is important to check blood glucose before the administ ration and the patient should be given a reminder about having a meal soon after (nhslanarkshire) Just before the injection the nurse should check whether the patient has not been administered the dose by another nurse. During administration the nurse should ensure that the site of subcutaneous injection is cleaned thoroughly, however an alcohol swab may not be used because the astringent action of the alcohol can make the subcutaneous injection painful. Nurse's hands should be washed with soap and water and gloves should be worn. Complete dosage of the insulin should be injected subcutaneously by raising the skin and rotating the needle. The injection should be held at the site up to a count of ten to ensure that the insulin disperses from the site of the injection. After administration of insulin the sharps should be discarded in the sharp box. The time, dosage and date of the administration should be recorded on the chart right after the administration and the entry should be initialled. In the instance that the site of injection bleeds or there is a visible spot of insulin or if the patient complains of pain, it should be reported to a senior colleague. It should be ensured that the insulin is stored at the recommended temperature in the refrigerator between 20C to 80C. Patient's blood glucose level should be checked every hour until two consecutive readings are within the normal range, two hour testing should be done until two consecutive readings are in the normal range and then a four hourly schedule should be maintained. Parents of a child who has been recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes may experience a significant amount of stress. It is a life-threatening disorder and the constant challenge of having to deal with episodes of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia can be emotionally exhausting for the parents. In Briana's case, she is a young child and dealing with giving the child insulin injections everyday could prove to be a daunting task. The parents may perceive it as harming the child with her getting upset at the prospect of feeling the pain. Parents of children have been assessed to be suffering from post traumatic stress disorder (Landolt, et al., 2002). Until the family gets used to the routine of frequent blood glucose checks, watching out for symptoms of hypoglycemia, making a schedule for food intake and sticking to it are difficult additions to an already busy life. That the disease, though manageable, will trouble Briana throughout her life is an added cause of worry. The child may prote st and may have behvioural issues the because the constant restrictions on diet can make the child irritable. In case of Briana's parents, they have the responsibility of her two year old sibling. The parents work full time and juggling the responsibilities of work, home and the kids can be physically exhausting. Managing the child's needs of medication, care, diet and physical exercise within their routines can prove to be physically exhausting. So many pressures can make them struggle with time and their own energy levels. Keeping up with emotional, physical and financial demands causes considerable distress to the parents. Ensuring that Briana's father is able to understand the illness of his daughter and the complex requirements of care-giving is important for achieving good health outcomes. As a nurse it is important to play a proactive role in helping her intellectually disabled father to understand the illness. With the help of educational tools, it is possible to make the father understand the requirements of monitoring the child's blood glucose levels, giving her insulin injections, training in how to recognize hypo- or hyper-glycemia, the importance of adherence to diet and exercise and the risk of long-term complications. Since the father was overwhelmed at the time of diagnosis, it is important to keep him calm and understand how he can help the child's mother in giving care to the child. It is possible to engage social workers who deal in training intellectually disabled parents(Getz, 2011). In Briana's case her father is concerned and most likely to understand the care needs in dealing with his child's illness. References brooksidepress.org. (n.d.). /1-72-nursing-implications-for-administration-of-insulin/. Retrieved from https://brooksidepress.org/: https://brooksidepress.org/giu/lessons/lesson-1-nursing-care-related-to-the-gastrointestinal-system/section-viii-diabetes/1-72-nursing-implications-for-administration-of-insulin/ Chia, J. S., McRae, J. L., Kukuljan, S., Woodford, K., Elliott, R. B., Swinburn, B., Dwyer, K. M. (2017). A1 beta-casein milk protein and other environmental pre-disposing factors for type 1 diabetes. Nutrition Diabetes, 7(5), e274. diabetes.co.uk. (n.d.). /polyuria.html. Retrieved from https://www.diabetes.co.uk: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/symptoms/polyuria.html diabetes.co.uk. (n.d.). /symptoms/unexplained-weight-loss.html. Retrieved from https://www.diabetes.co.uk: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/symptoms/unexplained-weight-loss.html diabetes.co.uk. (n.d.). polyuria.html. Retrieved from https://www.diabetes.co.uk: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/symptoms/polyuria.html diaTribe. (n.d.). type-1-diabetes. Retrieved from https://diatribe.org: https://diatribe.org/type-1-diabetes Getz, L. (2011, December). 111511p14.shtml. Retrieved from https://www.socialworktoday.com: https://www.socialworktoday.com/archive/111511p14.shtml Knip, M., Simell, O. (2012). Environmental Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine , 2(7), a007690. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a007690. Landolt, M., Ribi, K., Laimbacher, J., Vollrath, M., Gnehm, H., Sennhauser, F. (2002). Brief Report: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Parents of Children With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes . Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 27(7):647-652. nhslanarkshire. (n.d.). Guideline%20for%20the%20Administration%20of%20Insulin%20by%20Nursing%20Staff%20final%20May14.pdf. Retrieved from https://www.nhslanarkshire.org.uk: https://www.nhslanarkshire.org.uk/Services/Diabetes/Diabetes%20Clinical%20Guidelines/Documents/fGuideline%20for%20the%20Administration%20of%20Insulin%20by%20Nursing%20Staff%20final%20May14.pdf Ucsf. (n.d.). /ketones/. Retrieved from https://dtc.ucsf.edu: https://dtc.ucsf.edu/types-of-diabetes/type1/understanding-type-1-diabetes/how-the-body-processes-sugar/ketones/ webmd.com. (n.d.). /diabetic-ketoacidosis-dka-topic-overview#1. Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/tc/diabetic-ketoacidosis-dka-topic-overview#1